QUESTION 1: PUMPS
1.1 Name THREE safety precautions that should be followed before any maintenance
procedures on pumps may start. (3)
1.2 Centrifugal pumps are categorised into THREE type of impeller groups. Name them.
1.3Differentiate between positive and non-positive displacement pumps. (4)
[10]
QUESTION 2: COMPRESSORS
2.1 Explain the function of each of the following compressor components:
2.2.1 Filter (1)
2.2.2 Drain valve (1)
2.2.3 High pressure cylinder (1)
2.2.4 After cooler (1)
2.2.5 Pressure regulator (1)
2.2 Name the THREE categories that compressors are divided into. (3)
2.3Explain, in your own words, the function of the inter-cooler as used in a piston compressor assembly. (2)
[10]
QUESTION 3:HYDRAULICS
3.1State the THREE main functions of oil in a hydraulic flow system (3)
Figure 1
3.2 Answer the following questions based on the directional control valve as shown in
Figure 1.
3.2.1 How many ports are indicated? (1)
3.2.2 How many switching positions are indicated? (1)
3.2.3 Is this valve normally open or normally closed? (1)
3.2.4 What is the name of this valve? (1)
3.3 Name THREE basic components in a hydraulic system (3)
3.4 Describe THREE functions of the reservoir in a hydraulic system. (3)
[13]
QUESTION 4:
4.1 Make neat freehand sketches of the symbols representing the following pneumatic and hydraulic components:
4.1.1 Pressure source (1)
4.1.2 Pneumatic motor (1)
4.1.3 Filter (1)
4.1.4 Dryer (1)
4.1.5 Compressor (1)
4.1.6 Pressure gauge (1)
4.2 State the THREE functions of a pneumatic service unit. (3)
4.3 There are certain factors to determine the choice between pneumatics and
hydraulics, mention FOUR of these factors. (4)
[13]
QUESTION 5:
5.1 Make a neat sectional drawing of a straight-cup grinding wheel. (2)
5.2 Name TWO factors you must consider when selecting the correct grinding
wheel. (2)
TOTAL: 50
MARKING GUIDLINE LEVEL 4 FITTING& TURNING
QUESTION 1:
1.1 ANY THREE OF THE FOLLOWING OR ANY APPROPRIATE ANSWER
· Switch off all power switches and circuit breakers. Make sure that the electricity supply cannot be restored while you are doing maintenance by removing electrical service fuses and locking the circuit breaker panel.
· Shut all valve inlets and outlets in the pump. Lock them in place to keep them shut.
· Shut off any supply lines to the pump, such as steam or fluid supply lines.
· Isolate the pump mechanically by removing the v-belt from the pulleys to ensure there is no motion on the drive mechanism. Loosen tightening on the coupling and remove it safely to dislocate the drive mechanism.
· If required, decontaminate and flush the pump according to environmental regulations.
· Depending on the type of material for which the pump is used, you may need to wear personal protective equipment to prevent injury. (3)
1.2.1 Open vane impeller
1.2.2 Semi-open or rib impeller (plate on one side)
1.2.3 Enclosed or shrouded impeller (3)
1.3.A non-positive-displacement pump produces a continuous flow. However,
because it does not provide a positive internal seal against slippage, its output
varies (the amount of fluid being moved) considerably as pressure varies. (2)
Positive Displacement Pumps has an expanding cavity on the suction side and a
decreasing cavity on the discharge side. Liquid flows into the pumps as the cavity
on the suction side expands and the liquid flows out of the discharge as the cavity
collapses. The volume is constant given each cycle of operation.
Pumps that move fluids by physically displacing the fluid inside the pump. (2)
[10]
QUESTION 2:
2.1.1 Filter - Cleans air before entry (1)
2.1.2 Drain valve – Facility for draining moisture/water/ condensate in receiver (1)
2.1.3 High pressure cylinder – The cylinder that receives air from the intercooler to
be compressed to final pressure (1)
2.1.4 After cooler – Dries, cools after final compression stage (1)
2.1.5 Pressure regulator switch – regulates pressure in compressor / cuts electrical
supply by pressure actuator switch (1)
2.2 reciprocating compressors
Centrifugal compressors
Rotary compressors (3)
2.3 This cools the air as a result of the heat generated in the low pressure cylinder or first stage before the air flows to the high pressure cylinder or final stage of compression. (2)
[10]
QUESTION 3:
ANY THREE OF THE FOLLOWING
3.1 Functions of oil
· Lubricates
· Thefluid pressuremedium (source)
· Washesawaydirtparticles
· Cools (3)
3.2
3.2.1 4 (1)
3.2.23 (1)
3.2.3 CLOSED (1)
3.2.4 4/3 WAY VALVE – NORMALLY CLOSED – RETURN TO TANK (1)
ANY THREEOF THE FOLLOWING
3.3Electric motor (1) Pump (1) Reservoir (1)
Actuator (1) Check valve (1) Directional Control Valve (1)
Pressure relief valve (1) Throttle valve (1) Accumulator (1)
Pressure gauge (1) Pipes (1) Pressure sensor (1)
Filters (1)
(3 marks only)
ANY THREE OF THE FOLLOWING
3.4 Functions of the reservoir
· COOLS OIL (1)
· RECYCLES OIL (1)
· ALLOWS THE SETTLING OF DIRT PARTICLES (1)
· MOUNTING FOR ELECTRIC MOTOR / PUMP AND ACCESSORIES (1)
(3 marks only)
QUESTION 4:
4.1.1 Pressure source (1)
4.1.2 Pneumatic motor (1)
4.1.3 Filter (1)
4.1.4 Dryer (1)
4.1.5 Compressor (1)
4.1.6 Pressure gauge (1)
4.2 SERVICE UNIT FUNCTIONS:
- Filters AIR
- Water TRAP
- REGULATES AIR pressure
- LUBRICATES components
- TRAPS DIRT (3)
4.3 ANYFOUROF THE FOLLOWING OR ANY APPROPRIATE ANSWER
· Pneumatic system operate under pressurised air, while hydraulic systems operate under pressurised liquid
· Pneumatic systems work in an open-ended circuit, which means the air is released into the atmosphere, while hydraulic systems work on a closed circuit where the fluid is directed back to the reservoir.
· Pneumatic systems require a larger cylinder than hydraulic systems to produce the same output as a hydraulic system.
· Pneumatic systems use a low-pressure fluid in comparison to hydraulic systems
· Pneumatic systems are much faster than hydraulic systems
· Pneumatic systems can operate under very high temperatures while hydraulic systems cannot
· Pneumatic systems are more suitable for fire-risk areas, whereas hydraulic systems can be very dangerous.
· Operating costs of pneumatic systems are much lower than operating costs of hydraulic systems.
· Power level- pneumatic systems operate at a fraction of the power that hydraulic systems produce.
· Noise level – pneumatics systems are silent where the exhaust noise is muffled. Hydraulics usually have a characteristic noise, easily identifiable in industry
· Cleanliness – Pneumatic systems are cleaner. They are therefore the preferred systems in the food industry
· Speed – Hydraulic systems are slow and are usually dependent on the flow rate of the pump. Pneumatic systems operate faster because of lightweight components.
· Rigidity – Hydraulic systems, because of robust, heavier components, offer greater rigidity than lightweight components in pneumatic systems. (4)
QUESTION 5:
5.1
Show the cup section of the grinding wheel
|
1
|
Show the material section of the grinding wheel
|
1
|
Total
|
2
|
(2)
5.2. ANY TWO OF THE FOLLOWING
· The hardness of the material.
· The speed of the grinding wheel
· The feed rate needed.
· The area of contact.
· The amount of material you are going to remove.
· The type of grinding to be done. ( wet or dry)
· Condition of the machine.
· Operator characteristic. (2)
TOTAL: 50
No comments:
Post a Comment